Abies balsamea (Balsam Fir) seeds

These seeds have a shallow dormancy and need a period of cold treatment before they will germinate.  This can be done outdoors over winter or indoors at any time of year.

• Mix compost 50:50 with vermiculite or perlite, then water until just moist.
• Sow seeds thinly on the surface and cover with a sprinkling of compost, vermiculite or perlite, then seal inside a polythene bag.

Outdoors - October to January

• Place pots in a sheltered spot, coldframe or unheated greenhouse and cover with a clear bag or glass to keep the critters out.
• Check regularly to make sure the compost does not dry out.
• The seedlings will emerge in spring when the weather warms up.

Indoors - Anytime

• Place pots in the fridge for 6 weeks.
• Check regularly to make sure the compost does not dry out.
• After 6 weeks, move to 18-21C on a windowsill or in a propagator.
• Germination can be slow and erratic and may take a few months.
• When the seedlings emerge, increase ventilation by opening the bag or propagator vents.
• When they are large enough to handle, transplant into 7-9cm pots and grow on, repotting as needed.
• Indoor grown seedlings can be moved outside in spring once all risk of frost has passed. Gradually acclimatise them to outdoor conditions by placing them outdoors during the day for a week or so.
• When mature enough, plant out in the garden in their final position.